image based Q. 103 - Happy birds

Q.  Which of these anatomical structure is not inspired by birds ( in their names)?

a. Coccyx
b. Coracoid
c. Bursa anserine
d. Malleolus

(Pic : movie poster Alfred Hitchcock's The birds)






























































































































Answer -
d

Coccyx in Greek - peak of cuckoo bird.

Coracoid is taken from Greek raven bird (' like beak of raven).

Anserine bursa is after pes anserine ( goose feet) as per the three muscles attach around it semitenfinosis, gracilis and sartorius.

Malleolus on the other hand is related to term ' small hammer'.

image based Q. 102 - Word jumble

Q.  Which of these is not a well known study in Orthopaedics?

a. SPRINT
b. FAITH
c. PROMIS
d. PICO

Answer -
d

Relevant points about studies in the option :

LEAP. lower extremities assess project 2002 limb salvage vs amputation in severe open lower extremities injury.

FAITH fixation using alternative implants for the treatment of hip fractures 2014 SHS v/s multiple cc scarew low energy NOF in older age.

SPRINT 2012 study to prospectively evaluate reamed intramedullary nails in patients with tibial fractures  reamed vs unreamed nail in tibia shaft fractures

PrOmis - patient reported outcome measurement information system

PICO is not a study but acronym for important inclusions of a good research. Stands for Population/ patients, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome.

image based Q. 101 - I see you in ICU

Q. Which among these is not associated with use in the settings of emergency pelvic injuries?

a. FAST
b. REBOA
c. INFIX
d. FRAX

Answer -
d

Focused Assessment of Sonography in Trauma (FAST) is ultrasonography techniques used in acute trauma settings for abdominal or genitourinary injury assessment.

INFIX is a sort of fixation device for pelvic injuries and fractures. It is applied inside the body in contrast to pelvic external fixators.

REBOA stands for Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta. The placement of an occlusive baloon helps in resuscitation in haemmorgage conditions.


FRAX (Fracture Assessment Score) is tool to assess fracture risk based on patient specific data. It is widely used in osteoporosis related assessment about future fracture risk this is not a modality for acute trauma settings.

image based Q. 100 - A good reference

Q.   Below mentioned methods are used for writing references in biomedical literature except?


 a. Harvard
 b. Vancouver
 c. Chicago
 d. Budapest

Answer -
d

Budapest open access initiative (BOAI) is an international effort to make research open and accessible and free to everyone globally.

All other options are referencing methods for biomedical research work.



p.s. -

There is also one criteria used for diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)  known as Budapest criteria.

image based Q.99 - Name match

Q.   The below mentioned words are matched with the anatomical parts associated with in all except?

a. Bayonet apposition ---- Bone ends of fracture
b. Buttonholing --- bone or articular surface
c. Bow stringing ----- tendons
d. End feel ----- synovium

Answer -
d

The ' end feel' is feeling of joint quality on range of motion. This helps assess normal from abnormal end feels. Various kinds of end feels are described eg. bony hard, springy, soft etc. Overall, the end feel is used for joint pathology assessment.

Fractured bone or dislocated joint surface may be entangled within muscle , fascia or tendon networks which is referred as buttonholing of that part.

Tendons when not in their respective compartmets/ retinaculum tend to disarray during their action leading to bowstringing of tendons.

Fracture with side to side lying position especially in pediatric forearm fractures that are usually difficult to reduce are called to be in bayonet apposition.
This term used (bayonet) is after old firearm weapon used in the past.

image based Q. 98 - Three to tango

Q. All of them are valid traumatic triads with grave, direct clinical presentation in a patient except ?


a. Terrible triad
c. Miserable triad
d. Unhappy triad
e. Athlete triad

Answer -
e


Unhappy triad of O'Donoghue consists of injury to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), Medial collateral ligament (MCL)  and Medial meniscus.

Terrible triad of death results from complication of  polytrauma and comprises of hypothermia, metabolic acidosis and coagulopathy.

Terrible triad elbow consists of elbow injury with dislocation, coronoid fracture and radial head fracture.

Miserable malalignment is syndrome encompassing increased femoral anteversion, external tibial torsion and increased Q angle.

Female athelete triad is pathological disorder comprising of anorexia ( or other eating disorder), amenorrhoea and osteoporosis. This is not directly present in trauma settings thus most appropriate answers here.

image based Q. 97 - Utility

Q.  Utilitarian incision is used in which of these areas?

a. Popliteal fossa
b. Ankle
c. Head neck junction
d. Shoulder
e. Elbow

Answer -
d

The utilitarian incision is used in tumor resection from pelvis and shoulder.
In the absence of pelvis, shoulder is the correct option here.