image based Q. 46 - Two surfaces

Q. - 

‘Tribology’ is science of interactive surfaces in relative motion. Joint replacement prosthesis are often  studied in this. It incorporates concepts of all except?

1.       Lubrication

2.       Friction

3.       Fabrication

4.       Wear

Answer - 3,

Wear, lubrication and friction are key components of study of tribology

image based Q. 45- Absent bone

Q. - Anomaly with absence of this bone may be related to which of these gene locus?

1.       BMP (Bone Morphogenic Protein) receptor

2.       TGF beta 1

3.       PIT- X1

4.        RUN X 2

 Answer -

 The bone depicted here is clavicle.

Congenital absence of this bone is  a feature of disorder called ‘Cleidocranial dysplasia’ . 

RUNX 2 is reported to be linked with Cleidocranial dysplasia, the disorders with absent clavicle.

image based Q. 44 - Finger deformity

Q. The below case had radial  and palmar deviation of little finger noticed from early in life? Which of the option fits as the anomaly in this case?


1. Camptodactyly
2. Clinodactyly
3. Delta phalynx
4. Kirner deformity

Answer-

The Kirner deformity consists of radiovolar deviation of finger usually the little one.

The cantodactyly is flexion deformity at pip joint as a result of saggital plane angulation while clinodactyly is coronal plane sidewise deviation.

Delta phalynx is different anomaly diagnosed radiologically as the phalynx usually thumb has a separate wedge shaped extra bone.