image based Q. 74 - An Arc

Q.The below indicated structure (arrow) is used in which radiological sign?

a. Crescent sign
b. Dial sign
c. Risser sign
d. 'C' sign

Answer -
c

Crescent sign is found in paediatric elbow region injuries like supracondylar fracture.

Dial sign is clinical sign for injuries related to posterolateral corner (PLC) of knee.

C sign is clinical sign for hip pathologies like femuro- acetabular impingement when patient presents with holding flanks between thumb and rest of fingers to depict pain.

Risser sign is used in scoliosis cases when we have to ascertain skeletal maturity and one of the way is to look for fusion if iliac apophysis (arrow in pic) with iliac bone.

image based Q. 73 - Down to earth

Q. The below picture represents which principle of implant used in fracture fixation?


a. Buttress plate
b. Neutralisation plate
c. Ligamentotaxis
d. Load sharing
e. External fixation

Answer-
a

The additional support given to trunk of the tree near the ground is possible by added 'butressing'.

Buttress plating in metaphyseal fractures support fragment from further displacement by their own presence as in fractures of distal radius or proximal tibia etc.

image based Q. 72 - Forage

Q. Forage is surgical procedure for which of these conditions?

a. Osteonecrosis
b. Recurrent Patella dislocation
c. Tendinitis
d. Bone cysts

Answer -
a

Forage or multiple drilling is useful in osteonecrosis cases eg. that of hip, as these act as core decompression and relieve pressure and help healing.

image based Q. 71 - Fantastic four

Q. Which of these can be considered as fourth column of spine?


a. Abdomen muscle strength
b. Rib cage
c. Sternum
d. Paraspinal musculature
e. Psoas muscle

Answer -
c

The sternum has been considered as fourth column as it lends considerable support in the setting of multiple vertebral compression fractures.  Conditions that affect sternum ( like multiple myelina or metastasis) thus increase chances of decreased  resistance to subsequent thoracic kyphosis.




Reference-

Successful nonoperative treatment of a three column thoracic fracture in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis: existence and significance of the fourth column of the spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976)2007;32: E 423-427.

image based Q. 70 - flexion attitude

Q. Which of these feature on pelvis radiograph can give certain idea about flexion deformity of lower limb of one side?


a. Lesser trochanter
b. Obturator foramen
c. Diameter of head of femur
d. Distance of centre of head of femur and greater trochanter
e. Distance from greater trochanter to actabulum edge

Answer -
b

The comparison of bilateral obturator foramen can give some idea of long standing flexion deformity on one side, as both obturtor foramen won't be identical as that of affected side will appear smaller.

Lesser trochanter is helpful sometimes to ascertain rotation and not flexion usually following trauma.

Blog Performance 2016

Hi everyone.

It was a great ride as we wrap up current year and welcome the next.

We thank you for overwhelming support and love to our blog and this indeed has boosted our morale.

The blog has seen an unprecedented upsurge in visitors that is quite a number for a 'niche' blog.

Our audience comprises of international and native netizens and we dedicate this to one and all. As we are happy for such outreach we can't help to aim for more.

A big thank you to all.



Fig.1 . Last day numbers

Fig.2 . Country wise page-views

Fig.3 . Overview of blog in 2016

image based Q. 69 - Guess who ? part 2

Q.  An eponymous fracture is depicted  below (image 1) after a famous doctor (image 2) who also described for the first time noticed connection between an industrial carcinogen causing malignancy ( scrotal carcinoma in chimney sweepers). Identify the personality?



a. Sanders
b. Percival Pott
c. Lisfranc
d. Hawkins

Answer -
b

Percival Pott has been a famous clinician of his time and credited for following disease/ entity apart from abovementioned association.
Pott's disease - Tubercular affliction of spine
Pott's fracture - Bimalleolar fracture ( as in image 1)
Pott's puffy tumor - Abscess usually over skull

Hawkins  is related to  talus fracture and Lisfranc with tarsometatarsal fracture dislocation along with amputation from same level.

Sander has given classification of calcaneum fracture based on CT morphology.