image Q. 79 - Knee Jerked

Q. Which of these sign is associated with below case with an old neglected knee injury (pointed by arrow)?


a. Sag sign
b. Sulcus sign
c. Groove sign
d. Dimple sign
e. Crater sign

Answer -
d

A depressed portion over medial aspect of knee below the joint line suggests old neglected knee dislocation. Posterior displacement of tibia creates a depression that persists and gets fixed on neglection. This is referred as Dimple sign.

Sag sign or gravity test is clinical feature to assess posterior cruciate ligament injury due to which a uniform posterior sagging of proximal leg is seen suggestive of PCL injury. This test is also called Godfrey test.

Sulcus sign is seen as similar clinical presentation but in shoulder region suggestive of shoulder instabilities.

image based Q. 78 - POP Star

Q.  The plaster of Paris was invented and popularised by which among these?


a. Antonius Mathysen
b. Hugh Owen Thomas
c. Hippocrates
d. Robert Jones
e. Ambroise Pare
e. Galen

Answer
a

Mathysen us credited to commercialise and popularise usage of  plasters Paris.

Galen identified and used first time the terms like kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis, cervical rib.

Ambroise Pare is father of French surgery.

Hippocrates is considered father of Medicine and known for many medical scriptures.

Robert Jones is known for Jones transfer for wrist drop surgery. Dressing and bandaging method called RJ dressing (River Jones) consisting of alternate layers of cotton and bandages.

Hugh Owen Thomas is father of British orthopaedics. Known for eponymous things like Thomas collar ( a cervical collar), Thomas splint, Thomas wrench, Metatarsal bar. 

image based Q. 77 - flying saucers

Q.  'Saucerization' is a surgical method of  treating chronic osteomyelitis. Apart from this, which other underlying structure requires this procedure for some other clinical problem/ disorder?


a. Meniscus
b. Ligaments
c. Patella
d. Femoral condyles
e. Articular cartilage

Answer -
a

The ' discoid lateral meniscus' is anomaly of meniscus with abnormal shape resulting in 'snapping knee'.
One of the treatment for this is arthroscopic saucerization in which discoid shape is converted into normal meniscal shape as part of the treatment.

image based Q. 76 - Handy tip

Q.  Which important deformity is assessed through below position of fingers after digital or metacarpal fractures?


a. Rotation
b. Finger Flexion
c. Radial deviation
d. Knuckle assessment

Answer-
a

Rotation deformity after fractures of fingers or metacarpals is assessed by simple flexion of fingers as normally all finger tips point toward scaphoid bone. Any deviation suggests rotation malunion or deformity.

image based Q. 75 - Image matters

Q.  Which of these term is not related to magnetic resonance imaging?


a. fMRI
b. SNR
c. dGEMRIC
d. STIR
e. DWI
f. H- index

Answer -

fMRI stands for 'functional MRI' used to study neural pathways when realtime assessment of brain is done following certain stimulus and area of the brain responding to it is captures for evaluation.

SNR is signal to noise ratio, an important technical element in MR imaging.

STIR stands for Short Tau Inversion Recovery and is an imaging method that imparts additional details of MRI image by suppression of fats.

DWI is Diffusion Tensor Imaging and is currently used for additional information from routine process.

DGEMRIC stands for delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of Cartilage. This feature is helpful in finer detailing of articular cartilage health and pathology.

H- index is however an index used for research and related to academic journals. Apart from 'impact factor' this index is also considered by certain publications as mark of relevance and authority.