image based Q.54- Elbow surgery

Q. Which position of forearm is safer to keep while operating on below anatomical site of forearm bones ?


a. Pronation
b. Supination
c. Flexion
D. Extension

Answer -

The proximal forearm region especially radius has posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) as adjacent structure , pronation of forearm is supposed to put the nerve away from operating field during common surgical approaches.

image based Q.53- Hip pointers

Q. 'Hip pointers' are referred to injuries to which underlying structures?


a. Acetabular labrum
b. Trochanter tips
c. Ischial tuberosity
d. Prominent gluteal region
e. Iliac crest

Answer -

Iliac crest contusion are also called 'hip pointers'. Diagnosis requires clinical correlation and use of MRI in doubtful cases.

image based Q.52-Eelbow fracture

Q. Which among these may not be a classic feature associated with below mentioned fracture in a child ?


1. Sail sign
2. Pucker sign
3. Fish tail sign
4. Crescent sign
5. 'OK' sign

Answer -
 c

The radiograph shows supracondylar fracture of humerus in a child (extension type).

'Sail sign' represents black shadow over the distal humerus cortex and is also referred as 'fat pad sign' that is more extensive in shape.

'Pucker sign' is a clinical sign of displaced extension type supracondylar fracture, when proximal fragment is displaced anteriorly by penetrating brachialis muscle and presents as anterior puckering of skin.

'Crescent sign' is overlapping of normal capitellum epiphysis with olecranon part of ulna, represnting malrotated fracture.

Anterior interosseous nerve is commonest nerve injury associated that presents with inability to oppose index and thumb to form a 'OK' sign.

'Fish tail' sign represents osteonecrosis of trochlea that gets resorbed and distal humerus takes shape of a fish tail on radiograph.

image based Q. 51- Hip structure

Q. Which of these structure is used by some surgeons as guide to place acetabular component rightly during total hip replacement surgery?

1. Pulvinar
2. Actabular labrum
3. Transverse acetabular ligament
4. Capsular attachment

Answer -
Transverse acetabular ligament (TAL) is used out of all options to place acetabular component in right version and inclination.